Method of producing justification symbols in register-bands.



EDUARD MAREK v. MARCHTHAL. METHOD or PRODUCING JUSTIFICATION SYMBOLS INREGISTER BANDS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25, I913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I- Patented NOV. 9, 1915.

EDUARD MAREK v. MARCHTHAL.

METHOD OF PRODUCING JUSTIFICATION SYMBOLS IN REGISTER BANDS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-25. I9I3. 1 159, 94, Patented Nov. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- m hm Rm mm mm Am N Am 33$ wl 3.2 seifi ZS fiEEE 2 52:: 3:360.0000080.0006IOGOBOOOOOODDUGDOOQOOO00000009000OODOOOOOBOOOOOOOOOOOO50000 0000000 0 00 O O O O 000 O O O O O O O O O O O O 0 0 000 O 00 O OO 0 D00 0 O0 0 00000 0 O 000 O0 0000 O00 O00 000 0O 0 000 O O 0 Q0 0 O000 O 0 OO O O OO 0 O0 000 0 0O 00 O OO 0 O ca 000 O0 O0 000 0000 0 O0O0 0 O O0 000 O0 0 O O 0 COO 0000 O O O O O O O O 0 000 O 0 Q0 0 O O D 0OOO EDUARD MAREK v. MARCHTHAL, 0F VIE SIEMENS & HALSKE A. G., OF BERLIN,GE

N N A, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, ASSIGNOR TO RMANY, A CORPORATION OF GERMANY.

METHOD OF PRODUCING JUSTIFICATION SYMBOLS IN REGISTER-BANDS.

Original application filed April 20, 1912, Serial No. 692,158.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 9, 1915. Divided and this application filed November 25,1913. Serial No. 802,966.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDUARD MAREK v. MARQHTHAL, a citizen of the AustrianEmpire, and residing at Vienna, Austria-Hungary, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Methods of Produclng JustificationSymbols in Register-Bands,-of which the following is a full and clearspecification.

My invention relates to a method of punching perforated symbols inregister bands, having error symbols, for operatlng, writing,type-setting and type-casting machines, and apparatus therefor.

When register or perforated bands are made for operating type-writing,type-setting and type-casting machines, the so-called justificationvalues requisite for justifying the lines are obtained only after thetext has been symbolically represented by perforations in the band;correspondingly, the justification symbols are frequently punched at theends of the perforated lines. This operation necessitates that theperforated band for the second writing or other operation with justifiedlines be introduced with its rear end first into the typewriting orother machine to be controlled by it, and that it be so employed thereinthat the bottom end of a column must be cast or written first'. As iswell known, this is connected with various disadvantages, particularlyrelative to the further employment of the written matter. In endeavoringto obviate these disadvantages devices have been proposed such that thelines which are to be cast can be made by perforated bands moving in thesame direction as that in which the perforated band moves when beingmade. In the one type of these devices two punching devices and twoperforated band feed-mechanisms are provided in the machine for makingthe perforated bands; in another type there are two reading devices andtwo perforated band feed-mechanisms in the casting machine; in a thirdform provisional space symbols are punched in the bands, and, after theend of the perforated lines representing the text have been finished,supplemented in a separate punching and band feed-mechanism to formfinal justification symbols; in a fourth known form the supplementaryperforations are automatically made in a separate machine during thewinding of the band. All these known forms necessitate two punching orreadlng devices and two perforated band feed mechanisms.

primary object of my invention is to atta n the end in' view, 2'. e. tobring the justificat lon symbols to the beginning of the hnes, with onlythe punching mechanism and two perforated band feed-mechanisms, by whichthe j ustification symbols are placed at the beginning of. theperforated line of text. Besides there being only one punching mechanismthis arrangement has the additlonal advantage that title lines can bearranged exactly in the middle of the line by punching at the beginningof the line corresponding perforated symbols which are asce'rtained whenthe text is first written.

My invention is based on the idea of punching through the doubledperforated band in order to save punching mechanism, that part of theband which for the time bemg is stationary being automatically providedwith an error symbol, preferably when the perforated band feed-mechanismis being changed, so that the perforations occurring when punching theother parts of the band which are driven past are rendered in operativeat this place, The error symbol requisite for my improved processpreferably consists of as many holes as rows of perforations areemployed for forming the symbols.

In my Patent No. 1,082,642, of Dec. 30, 1913, from which the presentapplication is divided, I have described and claimed the apparatus bywhich the desired result is obtained.

The accompanying drawings show one form of apparatus for carrying intopractice my improved process by means of an electrically driven machinefor making the register-band comprising a rotating typewheel forprinting a control text, the register band being arranged for a six-holecombination.

One main group of switches is provided for bringing about the mainoperations and an auxiliary switch for bringing about all the other lessfrequent operations by closing circuits of corresponding controllingmagnets. In addition. for avoidlng numerous mechanisms winch areotherwise required the rotatory motion between two.

prevented.

In said drawings: Figure 1 is a front sectionai elevation showing thepunching device, Fig. 2 a side sectional elevation of the same, and Fig.3 a vertical section taken on the line AB in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 shows a partof the feed mechanism at the moment when the loose loop is pushedforward by hand, and Fig. 5 a portion of a perforated band having textand justification holes.

Referring to the drawing, the punching device of the machine for makingthe register band is arranged between two frameplates 2 mounted to rockabout an axle 1. This device comprises an upper portion 8 (Fig. 3)containing the matrices and a lower portion 7 in which are guided thepunch pins 15 provided with catches or pushers 17 (Fig. 3).. per part 8and the lower part 7 is a thin metal strip 9 which is perforated in thepath of the punches and terminates at one side in the guide bar 22. Theslit is thus divided into two parts; the register band 100 to be punchedis led into the lower part and after being taken around the guide bar 22is led back through the upper part of the slit. The band 100 is fedforward in the lower half of the slit by two feed wheels 11 and 12(Figs. 2 and 3) which, together with a ratchet wheel 5, are fast on anaxle 3, and in the upper half of the slit by the feed wheels 13, 14which, together with a ratchet wheel 6, are fast on an axle 4. Thethickness of the guide 22 and its distance from the punches 15 are suchthat the paper loop 1 (Fig. 3), formed by the band being drawn taut,corresponds with that length of register band which is necessary foraccommodating the justification symbols of one line of text. The tworatchet wheels 5 and 6 are secured in their positions for the time beingby means of rollers 67. 68 (Fig. 4) resiliently mounted on the plates 2and are rotated by means of pawls 20, 21 rotatable about axles23,24journaled in a fixed standard 7 0 (Figs. 1 and 2). The arrangementis such that either the one or the other of the pawls can move itsratchet but never both simultaneously; in additon, when one of the pawlsengages its ratchet the disengagement of the other is brought about inthe following manner: The pawls 20, 21 are yieldingly held in theirpositions for the time being by the leaf springs 32, 33 with the aid ofnuts 37 38 mounted on the pullrods 35, 36. The bottom ends of the pull-In the slit or gap between the up-- rods 35., 36 are pivoted toone-armed levers 40 (Figs. 1 and 2) mounted on an axle 41; a torsionspring 46 about the axle 41 tends to hold the levers 40 in their lowerpositions and the pawls 20, 21 in the position represented in Fig. 1.The axle 41 can be rotated through the medium of a pin 47 and a lever 42against the tension of the spring 46 by a key 48 used for startingjustification, the two rods 35,36 being driven upward and reversing thepositions of the pawls 20, 21. After the key 48 has been released thepawls 20, 21 are secured in their reversed positions by means of abell-crank lever 51, 52 which is fulcrul ned on the pin 58, and whichtends to move in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 2) through a spring,not shown, and engages a projection 43 on the lever 42 until it isreleased by the depression of a second or carriagereturning key 49 bymeans of the pin 50 engaging the other end 51 of the bell-crank. Therotation of this axle 41 electrically connects the two contact-pieces56, 57 not only together by means of the resilient contact arm 45mounted on and insulated from said axle, but also with a conductor 59.Further, a similar switch 54, is arranged below the carriagereturningkey 49. The feed action of the pawls 20, 21 is due to their beingfixedly journaled in the stationary frame, whereas the ratchet wheels 5,6 mounted on the plates 2 move downward when these plates are rocked,and consequently the pawl at that moment in its oper ating positionengages behind the next tooth of the ratchet wheel, and on the backwardmovement of the frame-plates 2 and the up ward movement of the ratchetwheels 5, 6, one of the latter is rotated one tooth. In order to insurethat the pawls properly engage and to prevent the ratchet wheels frombeing overthrown I arrange on one of the plates 2 (Fig. 1) stops 27, 28,29, 30, which coact with the points of the pawls 20, 21 and withset-screws 25 threaded into the latter.

The frame comprising the plates 2 is rocked in one direction through themedium of a catch 61, pivotally carried by brackets 63, by a lever 60which is mounted to rock about an axle 87 (Fig. 2) and is actuated bythe working shaft 85 of the machine through the medium of a cam 89 andan antifriction roller 86, and the frame is rocked in the oppositedirection by two helical springs 64, 65, one of which is attached to aframe-plate 2 and the other to the lever 60.

A bar 7 3 having slots 77 is slidable on the pins 71, 72 mounted on thestandard 70. The left end of this bar is formed as a rack 78 and itsright end as a grip 76; as seen in Figs. 1 and 4, a spring 7 5 tends todraw the bar into its left-hand position. When the left end of theframe-plates 2 is moved downward, the ratchet wheel 5 engages with therack 7 8 (Fig. 4). For this purpose a 15 through the slit of the 20punched and having feed holes 100 25 back through the top 45 against therocked stop-levers lever 82, fulcrumed on a'pin 81 on the standard 70,bears in its normal position against a stop-pin 83 owing to the actionof the leaf spring 84, and also against the right end 60 of the lever 60(Fig. 2). On the lever 82 being depressed, not only is the lever 60lowered, but also, owing to the catch 61, the left portion of the framecomprising the plates 2, and the ratchet wheel 5 is broughtintoengagement with the rack 78. By pulling the grip 76 the ratchet wheel 5can now be rotated as far as the slots 77 in the bar 73 will permit; thelengths of these slots are made such that the piece of the band fedpunching device 7, 8, is just sufiicient for accommodating the.justification symbols.

The above-described apparatus operates as follows: The register band 100to be (Fig. 5 at both sides, is first introduced into the bottom part ofthe slit in the punching device7, 8, 15 (Fig. 3), then placed snuglyaround the guide 22 and finally conducted part of the slit and aroundthe upper feed wheels 13, 14. The writing and punching of the text isthen begun, the pawl 21 being engaged and the pawl disengaged from itsratchet wheel 5 and 6 respectively; therefore after each perforationonly the ratchet wheel 5, i. e. the text feed-mechanism is driven, whilethe second ratchet-wheel 6, a. e the justification feedmechanism,remains at rest. While writing,

therefore, the free loop of paper II (Fig.

3) is formed.

The band is punched in the following manner: On the keys of the machinebeing depressed, the stop-levers 18 pivoted below the punches areslightly rocked as soon as the working shaft 85 (Fig. 2) is released.The lever 60, the frame-plates 2 and the register band are moveddownward, and those punches 15 whose pushers 17 abut 18 pass through thepaper band into the matrices in the upper portion 8 and produce therequired perforated symbols. When the frame-plates 2 move upward, asmentioned above, not only the feed wheels 11, 12 but also the text feedmechanism and the lower portion of the strip are fed forward.

Referring to Fig. 5, as soon as the end of the symbolically representedfirst line is reached by striking and punching the letter e of the lastword welche the justification symbol must be perforated. At this momentthe front end of the band designated is located at the punching positionin the upper part of the slit under the top part 8 containing thematrices.

for starting justification is now whereby two error symbols, of sixholes,

The key 48 depressed, each consisting are punched into the upper andlower portions of the band, one being at the first place markedand theother at the similarly marked place immediately behind the letter e; thetwo pawls 20, 21 are simultaneously reversed owing to the operation ofthe levers 40 and the draw rods 35, 36, and the bell-crank lever 51, 52looks the pawls 20, 21 in this position. When the frame-plates 2 rockback after the error symbol has been punched the text feedmechanism 5,21, 11, 12 re ains stationary, while the justification feed-mechanism 6,20, 13, 14 feeds the still unpun'ched part of the strip marked W intothe position below the top part 8 containing the matrices. A second key,not shown, situated behind the key 48 and used for startingjustification is now depressed and causes a carriage-return symbol to bepunched at the above-mentioned place marked W in the band. A switch, notshown, which is out of use during the whole punching operation, preventshowever, the return of the carriage taking place precisely at thismoment. The purpose of this symbol is to hold in its position theshortage indicating device influenced by the end position of thecarriage, and neverthe less to allow the carriage-return symbol to comeinto operation before the justification symbol in the register band whenthe working machine is subsequently automatically controlled by theregister band. Another key marked Space clutch is then depressed, andafterward for the space value that key which corresponds to the value ascertained and indicated by a space-counting mechanism when the line issymbolically written, and which is designated by a special type, forexample b. The space-clutch symbol S and then the space value symbol, inthis case, b 'are hereby produced in the band. The next key to bedepressed is to be marked Shortage clutch, whereupon the shortage valueis punched by striking that key which corresponds to the'value indicatedby a shortage counter, and likewise represented by a type, in thepresent instance the letter n. These perforated symbols are to be seenon the band shown in Fig. 5 at the parts marked F and n The carriage cannow be actually returned, this being brought about by depressing the key49 marked Carriage return, the result being that an error symbol ispunched in the band at the place markedbeyond of the slit, while thatpart of the band marked -W (after the word welche) these symbols movesinto the punching position. The actual return of the carriage is broughtabout, in spite of an error symbol being punched when the key 49 isdepressed, by a pin 53, insulated from the latter, closing the switch54:, 55, and thus connecting an electromagnet, which controls the returnof the carriage, to that segment of a controlling collector controllingthe currents in the machine which corresponds to the error symbol. Theopen places seen in the strip beyond the justification symbols in Fig. 5are provided in order to make inoperative any errors which may occur inreading or punching and to afford space for the insertion of the correctsubstitute symbols.

Before commencing to write a new line, the free loop must first be drawnout and be prepared for a new justification symbol, this being effectedas follows: The punching frame comprising the two plates 2 is depressedby means of the lever 82v and the feed mechanism 5, 11, 12 is actuatedby pulling the grip 76 of the bar 73 (Figs. 1 and 4), whereby the bandis fed forward ten steps. The lever 82 and the grip 76 are thenreleased, and the loose band is drawn taut around the guide by pullingthe end of the band leaving the justification device 6, 13, 14. In thismanner an unperforated piece of band is brought into the slit and theband is ready for a new line.

l/Vhen writing title lines which have to be subsequently inserted in themiddle of the column when the band is used in a type-setting ortype-casting machine, the operation is as follows: The writing is begunlike an ordinary line at the left edge of the column and the length ofthe title line is read ofl on a scale on. the paper carriage, whereuponthe size and number of the spaces which correspond to this length oftitle line and are necessary for its being placed centrally areascertained from a table and are then punched, just like ustificationsymbols, in

the band in the loop provided for justifica tion. In this manner thesecentral symbols come into action before the text symbols in the workingmachine which is to be controlled by the band. The object of the contactdevice 45, 56, 57, 59 (Fig. 2) is, when punching justification symbolswhich may not contain a sixth hole, to prevent any printing or feedtaking place during the entire justification period, this being broughtabout by closing special circuits when the key 48 is depressed.

bar 22 into the position 1 I It may be noted that various sizes ofspaces, e. g. half, normal and starting spaces, must be used, and dueregard must be paid to them in the tables required for writing the titlelines so that it can be seen how many spaces of each kind must bepunched for a predetermined length of title line. In the case of.particularly short title lines in long columns numerous starting spacesare need-' ed, which cannot under all circumstances be accommodated inthe loop of band provided for the reception of the justificationsymbols. In such cases an indication must be iven in the tables up towhat length of title ine the normal justification loop suffices, or whatlengths necessitates the text feedmechanism being operated a second timeby displacing the grip 7 6 twice at the beginning of the line, in orderto obtain a longer justificatlon loop. In such a case, before beginningsuch a particularly short title line its length must be approximatelyestimated in order to learn from the table whether the loop has to beformed by one or two displacements. In doubtful cases the larger loopwill be made.

What I claim is:

1. A method of making register bands having justification symbols, whichconsists in bending the band into a loop, in punching holes representingone line of the text in the superposed parts of the band, the front endof the band being held stationary while the part beyond the loop is fed,and inthen punching justification symbols for the last line of the text,the front end of the band being fed while the part beyond the loop isheld stationary.

2. A method of making register bands having justification symbols, whichconsists in bending the band into a loop, in punching holes representingone line of the text in the superposed parts of the band, the frontendof the band being held stationary while the part beyond the loop isfed, and in then punching justification symbols for the last line of thetext, the front end of the band being fed while the part beyond the loopis held stationary, and in punching an error symbol in both that part ofthe band held stationary while punching the holes representing the lineof text and also in that part of the band held stationary while punchingthe justification symbols.

EDUARD MAREK V. MARCHTHAL.

Witnesses:

WOLDEMAR HAUr'r, HENRY HAsPER.

